للمشاهدة والتحميل: انتخابات موريتانيا، يقدم الحلقة : د. محمد الحامدي الهاشمي، ويحاوره: د. محمود السيد الدغيم، و بدي ولد ابنو الموريتاني من باريس . بثت الحلقة بتاريخ: 20/11/2006م. اضغط على الصورة لرؤيتها بشكل أوسع

Mauritania - وفي الحلقة مشاركات هاتفية إيجابية وسلبية. ختامها الباطني أبو علاوي

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يعلن الشعب الموريتاني، اتكالا منه على الله العلي القدير، تصميمه على ضمان حوزة أراضيه واستقلاله ووحدته الوطنية والسهر على حرية تقدمه السياسي والاقتصادي والاجتماعي.
كما يعلن اعتبارا منه لقيمه الروحية وإشعاعه الحضاري، تمسكه بالدين الإسلامي الحنيف وبمبادئ الديمقراطية الوارد تحديدها في الإعلان العالمي لحقوق الإنسان الصادر بتاريخ 10 دجمبر 1948 والميثاق الإفريقي لحقوق الإنسان والشعوب الصادر بتاريخ 28 يونيو 1981 وفي الاتفاقيات الدولية التي وافقت عليها موريتانيا.
ونظرا إلى أن الحرية والمساواة وكرامة الإنسان يستحيل ضمانها إلا في ظل مجتمع يكرس سيادة القانون، وحرصا منه على خلق الظروف الثابتة لنمو اجتماعي منسجم، يحترم أحكام الدين الإسلامي، المصدر الوحيد للقانون، ويلائم متطلبات العالم الحديث، يعلن الشعب الموريتاني على وجه الخصوص الضمان الأكيد للحقوق والمبادئ التالية :
- حق المساواة،
- الحريات السياسية والحريات النقابية،
- حق الملكية،
- الحريات والحقوق الأساسية للإنسان،
- الحقوق المتعلقة بالأسرة كخلية أساسية للمجتمع الإسلامي.
ووعيا منه بضرورة توثيق الروابط مع الشعوب الشقيقة، فإن الشعب الموريتاني كشعب مسلم عربي إفريقي، يعلن تصميمه على السعي من أجل تحقيق وحدة المغرب العربي الكبير والأمة العربية وإفريقيا ومن أجل السلم في العالم

المزيد من المعلومات عن موريتانيا

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معلومات عن موريتانيا من الأطلس الدولي لسنة 2005م

Mauritania-20-11-2006
situation 0 Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco
total area 266,000 km²
land area 266,000 km²
water area 0 km²
land boundaries 2,046 km
border countries Algeria  42 km, Mauritania  1,561 km, Morocco  443 km
coastline 1,110 km
contiguous zone NA
continental shelf NA
exclusive economic zone NA
international disputes Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, whose sovereignty remains unresolved - UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since September 1991 but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties thus far have rejected all brokered proposals; Polisario, Algeria and European supporters agree to latest US-brokered UN proposals for limited temporary autonomy for 4-5 years followed by a referendum on independence, but a final response from Morocco is pending; Mauritanian claims to Western Sahara have been dormant in recent years
territorial sea NA
climate hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew
terrain mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast
lowest point Sebjet Tah  -55 m
highest point unnamed location  463 m
natural resources phosphates, iron ore
land use arable land 0.02 %, permanent crops 0 %, permanent pastures NA, forests and woodland NA, other 99.98 %
irrigated land NA
natural hazards hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility
environment current issues sparse water and lack of arable land
international agreements party to none of the selected agreements
international agreements signed, but not ratified none of the selected agreements
geography note the waters off the coast are particularly rich fishing areas

situation 0 Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco
total area 266,000 km²
land area 266,000 km²
water area 0 km²
land boundaries 2,046 km
border countries Algeria  42 km, Mauritania  1,561 km, Morocco  443 km
coastline 1,110 km
contiguous zone NA
continental shelf NA
exclusive economic zone NA
international disputes Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, whose sovereignty remains unresolved - UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since September 1991 but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties thus far have rejected all brokered proposals; Polisario, Algeria and European supporters agree to latest US-brokered UN proposals for limited temporary autonomy for 4-5 years followed by a referendum on independence, but a final response from Morocco is pending; Mauritanian claims to Western Sahara have been dormant in recent years
territorial sea NA
climate hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew
terrain mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast
lowest point Sebjet Tah  -55 m
highest point unnamed location  463 m
natural resources phosphates, iron ore
land use arable land 0.02 %, permanent crops 0 %, permanent pastures NA, forests and woodland NA, other 99.98 %
irrigated land NA
natural hazards hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility
environment current issues sparse water and lack of arable land
international agreements party to none of the selected agreements
international agreements signed, but not ratified none of the selected agreements
geography note the waters off the coast are particularly rich fishing areas

situation 0 Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Mauritania and Morocco
total area 266,000 km²
land area 266,000 km²
water area 0 km²
land boundaries 2,046 km
border countries Algeria  42 km, Mauritania  1,561 km, Morocco  443 km
coastline 1,110 km
contiguous zone NA
continental shelf NA
exclusive economic zone NA
international disputes Morocco claims and administers Western Sahara, whose sovereignty remains unresolved - UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since September 1991 but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties thus far have rejected all brokered proposals; Polisario, Algeria and European supporters agree to latest US-brokered UN proposals for limited temporary autonomy for 4-5 years followed by a referendum on independence, but a final response from Morocco is pending; Mauritanian claims to Western Sahara have been dormant in recent years
territorial sea NA
climate hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew
terrain mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces rising to small mountains in south and northeast
lowest point Sebjet Tah  -55 m
highest point unnamed location  463 m
natural resources phosphates, iron ore
land use arable land 0.02 %, permanent crops 0 %, permanent pastures NA, forests and woodland NA, other 99.98 %
irrigated land NA
natural hazards hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility
environment current issues sparse water and lack of arable land
international agreements party to none of the selected agreements
international agreements signed, but not ratified none of the selected agreements
geography note the waters off the coast are particularly rich fishing areas

التاريخ
Background

The Western Sahara has never been a nation in the modern sense of the word. Phoenician colonies established or reinforced by Hanno the Navigator have vanished with virtually no trace, and the increasing desertification of the Sahara, before the camel was introduced in north Africa at the beginning of the 1st millennium AD, made sporadic contact with the outside world almost impossible. The camel revolution made this region one of the main routes of transport of the world. Salt and gold were transported between North Africa and West Africa.

Islam arrived in the 8th century and was an immediate success. Al-Murabitun, also known as the Almoravides, were a group of strict Koranic interpreters from this region who ended up controlling all of North Africa.

More recently, Ma-al-Aynayn started a counter insurgency against the French in the 1910s. He was finally beaten when he tried to conquer Marrakesh.

Spanish Sahara

In 1884 Spain claimed a protectorate over the coast from Cape Bojador to Cap Blanc. The area was later extended. In 1958 Spain joined the previously separate districts of Saguia el Hamra (in the north) and Rيo de Oro (in the south) to form the province of Spanish Sahara.

1975 till present

On November 6, 1975 the so-called Green March into Western Sahara began when 300,000 unarmed Moroccans converged on the southern city of Tarfaya and waited for a signal from King Hassan II of Morocco to cross into Western Sahara. As a result, Spain abandoned Western Sahara on November 14, 1975, repatriating even the Spanish corpses from its cemeteries. Morocco later virtually annexed the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara (formerly Spanish Sahara) in 1976, and the rest of the territory in 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal. A guerrilla war with the Polisario Front contesting Rabat's sovereignty ended in a 1991 cease-fire; a referendum on final status has been repeatedly postponed.
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automobile country code NA
conventional long form NA
conventional short form Western Sahara
local long form NA
local short form NA
type legal status of territory and issue of sovereignty unresolved; territory contested by Morocco and Polisario Front (Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el Hamra and Rio de Oro), which in February 1976 formally proclaimed a government-in-exile of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR),led by President Mohamed ABDELAZIZ; territory partitioned between Morocco and Mauritania in April 1976, with Morocco acquiring northern two-thirds; Mauritania, under pressure from Polisario guerrillas, abandoned all claims to its portion in August 1979; Morocco moved to occupy that sector shortly thereafter and has since asserted administrative control; the Polisario's government-in-exile was seated as an OAU member in 1984; guerrilla activities continued sporadically, until a UN-monitored cease-fire was implemented 6 September 1991
capital al-´Ayûn
administrative divisions none (under de facto control of Morocco)
dependent areas NA
national holiday NA
constitution NA
legal system NA
suffrage none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign not yet completed
chief of state NA
head of government NA
cabinet NA
cabinet election NA
cabinet election results NA
legislative branch NA
legislative branch election NA
legislative branch election results 
judicial branch NA
political parties and leaders NA
other political or pressure groups none
international organization participation none
flag NA